december 02, 2015
Dotfiles
TL;DR -- Dotfiler er (næsten) uundværlige i opsætningen af Mac - eller Linux - hvis man vil lidt ud over hvad der lige rummes i Systemindstillinger. Det her er mine dotfiler.
Om dotfiler generelt
Hvis man en gang i mellem reinstallerer sin computer eller har flere maskiner, som man veksler i mellem og godt kan lide at den opfører sig på (nogenlunde) samme måde uanset hvilken man sidder ved eller om man lige har reinstalleret, så er dotfiles smarte.
Kort beskrevet, så er dotfiles en måde at beskrive hvordan en computer skal sættes op på i et meget robust format1.
Filerne bliver læst på forskellige tidspunkter alt efter hvilken fil der er tale om, og jeg har endnu ikke fundet en bedre beskrivelse af det end denne på "The Lumber Room"2.
Problemet med at beskrive hvornår hvad læses er, at Bash trækker på forskellige filer alt efter hvilken slags shell den mener den kører i. Eks.: for en "interaktiv ikke-login-shell", læses .bashrc, men for en "interaktiv login-shell" læser den udelukkende fra den første af .bash_profile, .bash_login og .profile. Der er ingen fornuftig grund til, at det er sådan, sådan er det bare...
Bash læser dotfilerne således (læs nedad i den relevante kolonne. Først udføres A, så B, så C osv. B1, B2, B3 betyder at bash kun udfører den første af disse filer, den støder på):
+----------------+-----------+-----------+-------+
| |Interactive|Interactive|Script*|
| |login |non-login | |
+----------------+-----------+-----------+-------+
|/etc/profile | A | | |
+----------------+-----------+-----------+-------+
|/etc/bash.bashrc| | A | |
+----------------+-----------+-----------+-------+
|~/.bashrc | | B | |
+----------------+-----------+-----------+-------+
|~/.bash_profile | B1 | | |
+----------------+-----------+-----------+-------+
|~/.bash_login | B2 | | |
+----------------+-----------+-----------+-------+
|~/.profile | B3 | | |
+----------------+-----------+-----------+-------+
|BASH_ENV | | | A |
+----------------+-----------+-----------+-------+
| | | | |
+----------------+-----------+-----------+-------+
| | | | |
+----------------+-----------+-----------+-------+
|~/.bash_logout | C | | |
+----------------+-----------+-----------+-------+
* Or non-interactive non-login.
På en Mac afvikles en ny terminal et interaktivt login; på en linux-boks som et interaktivt non-login. Hvorfor det er sådan må Apple kunne svare på3. Det betyder også at på min Mac, bliver først ~/.bash_profile kørt og ved logud (altså, når Terminalen lukkes) bliver så ~/.bash_logout eksekveret af systemet, resten af filerne (.bash_aliases, .bash_prompt og .osx) bliver så sourcet fra disse eller kørt manuelt.
Filerne
~/.bash_profile - køres af køres af operativsystemet
:::bash
# .bash_profile
# Executed for login bash shells
# Add `~/bin` to the `$PATH`
export PATH="$HOME/bin:$PATH";
# don't put duplicate lines or lines starting with space in the history.
# See bash(1) for more options
HISTCONTROL=ignoreboth
# append to the history file, don't overwrite it
shopt -s histappend
# for setting history length see HISTSIZE and HISTFILESIZE in bash(1)
HISTSIZE=1000
HISTFILESIZE=2000
# Load the shell dotfiles, and then some:
# * ~/.path can be used to extend `$PATH`.
# * ~/.extra can be used for other settings you don’t want to commit.
for file in ~/.{bash_prompt,bash_aliases}; do
[ -r "$file" ] && [ -f "$file" ] && source "$file";
done;
unset file;
# Enable bash completion
if [ -f $(brew --prefix)/etc/bash_completion ]; then
. $(brew --prefix)/etc/bash_completion
fi
# Add tab completion for SSH hostnames based on ~/.ssh/config, ignoring wildcards
[ -e "$HOME/.ssh/config" ] && complete -o "default" -o "nospace" -W "$(grep "^Host" ~/.ssh/config | grep -v "[?*]" | cut -d " " -f2- | tr ' ' '\n')" scp sftp ssh;
~/.bash_aliases - køres fra ~/.bash_profile
:::bash
# .bash_aliases
# Sourced by .bash_profile
# Easier navigation
alias ~="cd ~" # Home
alias -- -="cd -" # Last used dir
# Always start vmware horizon view in detached state directing standard out to /dev/null
alias vmware-view="vmware-view </dev/null &>/dev/null &"
# v for vmware-view
alias v="vmware-view"
# Source virtualenv
alias venv="source ./venv/bin/activate"
# Weeknumber
alias week='date +%V'
# Get OS X Software Updates, and Homebrew, and their installed packages
alias update='sudo softwareupdate -i -a; brew update; brew upgrade --all; brew cleanup'
# Show/hide hidden files in Finder
alias show="defaults write com.apple.finder AppleShowAllFiles -bool true && killall Finder"
alias hide="defaults write com.apple.finder AppleShowAllFiles -bool false && killall Finder"
# Detect which `ls` flavor is in use
if ls --color > /dev/null 2>&1; then # GNU `ls`
colorflag="--color"
else # OS X `ls`
colorflag="-G"
fi
# List all files colorized in long format
alias ll="ls -lF ${colorflag}"
# List all files colorized in long format, including dot files
alias la="ls -laF ${colorflag}"
# List only directories
alias lsd="ls -lF ${colorflag} | grep --color=never '^d'"
# Always use color output for `ls`
alias ls="command ls ${colorflag}"
export LS_COLORS='no=00:fi=00:di=01;34:ln=01;36:pi=40;33:so=01;35:do=01;35:bd=40;33;01:cd=40;33;01:or=40;31;01:ex=01;32:*.tar=01;31:*.tgz=01;31:*.arj=01;31:*.taz=01;31:*.lzh=01;31:*.zip=01;31:*.z=01;31:*.Z=01;31:*.gz=01;31:*.bz2=01;31:*.deb=01;31:*.rpm=01;31:*.jar=01;31:*.jpg=01;35:*.jpeg=01;35:*.gif=01;35:*.bmp=01;35:*.pbm=01;35:*.pgm=01;35:*.ppm=01;35:*.tga=01;35:*.xbm=01;35:*.xpm=01;35:*.tif=01;35:*.tiff=01;35:*.png=01;35:*.mov=01;35:*.mpg=01;35:*.mpeg=01;35:*.avi=01;35:*.fli=01;35:*.gl=01;35:*.dl=01;35:*.xcf=01;35:*.xwd=01;35:*.ogg=01;35:*.mp3=01;35:*.wav=01;35:'
~/.bash_prompt - køres fra ~/.bash_profile
:::bash
# .bash_profile
# Sourced by .bash_profile
# Shell prompt based on the Solarized Dark theme.
# More or less by Mathias Bynens. Heavily inspired by @necolas’s prompt: https://github.com/necolas/dotfiles
# iTerm → Profiles → Text → use 13pt Monaco with 1.1 vertical spacing.
if [[ $COLORTERM = gnome-* && $TERM = xterm ]] && infocmp gnome-256color >/dev/null 2>&1; then
export TERM='gnome-256color';
elif infocmp xterm-256color >/dev/null 2>&1; then
export TERM='xterm-256color';
fi;
prompt_git() {
local s='';
local branchName='';
# Check if the current directory is in a Git repository.
if [ $(git rev-parse --is-inside-work-tree &>/dev/null; echo "${?}") == '0' ]; then
# check if the current directory is in .git before running git checks
if [ "$(git rev-parse --is-inside-git-dir 2> /dev/null)" == 'false' ]; then
# Ensure the index is up to date.
git update-index --really-refresh -q &>/dev/null;
# Check for uncommitted changes in the index.
if ! $(git diff --quiet --ignore-submodules --cached); then
s+='+';
fi;
# Check for unstaged changes.
if ! $(git diff-files --quiet --ignore-submodules --); then
s+='!';
fi;
# Check for untracked files.
if [ -n "$(git ls-files --others --exclude-standard)" ]; then
s+='?';
fi;
# Check for stashed files.
if $(git rev-parse --verify refs/stash &>/dev/null); then
s+='$';
fi;
fi;
# Get the short symbolic ref.
# If HEAD isn’t a symbolic ref, get the short SHA for the latest commit
# Otherwise, just give up.
branchName="$(git symbolic-ref --quiet --short HEAD 2> /dev/null || \
git rev-parse --short HEAD 2> /dev/null || \
echo '(unknown)')";
[ -n "${s}" ] && s=" [${s}]";
echo -e "${1}${branchName}${blue}${s}";
else
return;
fi;
}
if tput setaf 1 &> /dev/null; then
tput sgr0; # reset colors
bold=$(tput bold);
reset=$(tput sgr0);
# Solarized colors, taken from http://git.io/solarized-colors.
black=$(tput setaf 0);
blue=$(tput setaf 33);
cyan=$(tput setaf 37);
green=$(tput setaf 64);
orange=$(tput setaf 166);
purple=$(tput setaf 125);
red=$(tput setaf 124);
violet=$(tput setaf 61);
white=$(tput setaf 15);
yellow=$(tput setaf 136);
else
bold='';
reset="\e[0m";
black="\e[1;30m";
blue="\e[1;34m";
cyan="\e[1;36m";
green="\e[1;32m";
orange="\e[1;33m";
purple="\e[1;35m";
red="\e[1;31m";
violet="\e[1;35m";
white="\e[1;37m";
yellow="\e[1;33m";
fi;
# Highlight the user name when logged in as root.
if [[ "${USER}" == "root" ]]; then
userStyle="${red}";
else
userStyle="${orange}";
fi;
# Highlight the hostname when connected via SSH.
if [[ "${SSH_TTY}" ]]; then
hostStyle="${bold}${red}";
else
hostStyle="${yellow}";
fi;
# Set the terminal title to the current working directory.
PS1="\[\033]0;\w\007\]";
PS1+="\[${bold}\]\n"; # newline
PS1+="\[${userStyle}\]\u"; # username
PS1+="\[${white}\] @ ";
PS1+="\[${hostStyle}\]\h"; # host
PS1+="\[${white}\] in ";
PS1+="\[${green}\]\w"; # working directory
PS1+="\$(prompt_git \"${white} on ${violet}\")"; # Git repository details
PS1+="\n";
PS1+="\[${white}\]\$ \[${reset}\]"; # `$` (and reset color)
export PS1;
PS2="\[${yellow}\]→ \[${reset}\]";
export PS2;
~/.bash_logout - køres af køres af operativsystemet
:::bash
# .bash_logout
# Executed after logout of bash shells
clear
~/.osx - håndkøres ved opsætning af ny Mac
:::bash
# .osx
# Highly opinionated OS X specific configuration
###############################################################################
# Installing apps #
###############################################################################
# Install Xcode cli-tools
xcode-select --install
# Install Brew (http://brew.sh)
ruby -e "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install)"
# Install Caskroom (http://caskroom.io)
brew install caskroom/cask/brew-cask
# Install REAL python (including pip etc.)
brew install python
# Install missing unix components
brew install ssh-copy-id
brew install bash-completion
# Install apps
brew cask install hazel
brew cask install 1password
brew cask install textwrangler
brew cask install dropbox
brew cask install google-chrome
brew cask install transmit
brew cask install little-snitch
###############################################################################
# Global settings / UI #
###############################################################################
# Tap-to-click (logout and back in to activate):
defaults -currentHost write -globalDomain com.apple.mouse.tapBehavior -int 1
# Set highlight color to green
defaults write NSGlobalDomain AppleHighlightColor -string "0.764700 0.976500 0.568600"
# Hot corners
# Possible values:
# 0: no-op
# 2: Mission Control
# 3: Show application windows
# 4: Desktop
# 5: Start screen saver
# 6: Disable screen saver
# 7: Dashboard
# 10: Put display to sleep
# 11: Launchpad
# 12: Notification Center
# Top left screen corner → Put display to sleep
defaults write com.apple.dock wvous-tl-corner -int 10
defaults write com.apple.dock wvous-tl-modifier -int 0
# Top right screen corner → Desktop
defaults write com.apple.dock wvous-tr-corner -int 4
defaults write com.apple.dock wvous-tr-modifier -int 0
# Bottom left screen corner → Show application windows
defaults write com.apple.dock wvous-bl-corner -int 3
defaults write com.apple.dock wvous-bl-modifier -int 0
# Bottom right screen corner → Mission Control
defaults write com.apple.dock wvous-br-corner -int 2
defaults write com.apple.dock wvous-br-modifier -int 0
###############################################################################
# Safari & WebKit #
###############################################################################
# Privacy: don’t send search queries to Apple
defaults write com.apple.Safari UniversalSearchEnabled -bool false
defaults write com.apple.Safari SuppressSearchSuggestions -bool true
# Show the full URL in the address bar (note: this still hides the scheme)
defaults write com.apple.Safari ShowFullURLInSmartSearchField -bool true
# Prevent Safari from opening ‘safe’ files automatically after downloading
defaults write com.apple.Safari AutoOpenSafeDownloads -bool false
# Hide Safari’s bookmarks bar by default
defaults write com.apple.Safari ShowFavoritesBar -bool false
# Hide Safari’s sidebar in Top Sites
defaults write com.apple.Safari ShowSidebarInTopSites -bool false